Posted by: bahughes13 | October 2, 2011

Collective Intelligence?

“Collective Intelligence”, as portrayed by Jenkins and researched by Levy, seems to assume a positive construct for the future of information management and research. In many ways, the process of engaging in the action of collective intelligence and the effect on the social structure that results seem to provide the value… not necessarily the “answers” or “information” or “impact” that result from that process. Jenkins writes: “What holds a collective intelligence together is not the possession of knowledge, which is relatively static, but social process of acquiring knowledge, which is dynamic and participatory, continually testing and reaffirming the group’s social ties,” (page 54).
But what happens when the collective intelligence is not positive, reaffirming and constructive? Or, perhaps even more likely — when various sectors within our society disagree on what is true, honest and valuable? Let’s start with Wikipedia. According to its own “about” section, Wikipedia has 82,000 contributors working on 19 million articles. Contributors can use their real names, pseudonyms, or post anonymously. As of March 2011, they had 400 million unique users per month. This Collective has self-structured to include “editors”, “administrators”, “bureaucrats”, and even Wiki’s version of a Supreme Court – “The Arbitration Committee”. While there have been instances in which information is posted improperly, there is a system in place to deal with vandalism and inaccurate posts (once identified).
Contrast that to WikiLeaks, a Collective with a similar start. The original goal of WikiLeaks was to provide the world with insight into the inner workings (and potential corruption) of governments in a user-editable format. That has now changed into (what Wikipedia calls) a more traditional publication format that has locked down users’ ability to edit information. WikiLeaks and its leader, Julian Assange, have released everything from secret documents related to the Iraq and Afghanistan Wars to State Department cables to confidential corporate information. When challenged with prosecution, Assange and his defenders threatened on the BBC that WikiLeaks had “information it considered to be a thermo-nuclear device which it would release” if needed.  When major players reacted (PayPal for instance), they faced retribution from Anonymous, a collective of hackers who retaliated on behalf of WikiLeaks by launching attacks on corporate servers.
Is Wikipedia all good? Or WikiLeaks all bad? Of course not. But both are examples of where the future of Collective Intelligence can lead a global society and its ability (or inability) to agree on what is true, honest and valuable.

Discussion Questions:

1.  What impact do new technologies have on the future of Collective Intelligence?
2.  What controls could (or should) a global society put on a Collective Intelligence movements? Are any universal controls even feasible?
3.  Under “uses and gratification theory”, what is it about reality TV (such as Big Brother) that turns normal people (like me!) into addicts?
Posted by: carolbcarolb | October 2, 2011

Trends in Contemporary Media

Reading the first 3 chapters of Henry Jenkins’ Convergence Culture, we are exposed to the beginnings of his study and analysis of the relationship between the concepts of media convergence, the participating culture, and collective intelligence.

A couple of things that struck me after doing the reading: 1) Interesting to note that his goal was to document conflicting perspectives on media change rather than critique them, because he doesn’t think a critique of convergence can be done until it is more fully understood (spoke to the utter complexity of understanding convergence); 2) He said he wanted to help ordinary people grasp how convergence is impacting the media they consume because “if the public doesn’t get some insights into the discussions that are taking place, they will have little to no input into decisions that will dramatically change their relationship to media.” (this made me start to think about my media consumption in a more analytical way); 3) And last, (and perhaps least to some), I appreciated his accessible writing style (if writing is not engaging and consumable by the public he is trying to share his insights with, then what’s the point?!).

Chapter one was a discussion about the world of a group “spoilers” of the reality TV show  Survivor. We delved into the word of the spoilers and how their actions affected the TV show. By pooling their knowledge and intelligence, this group seeks to find out secrets about the TV series and reveal them on their message boards before they are aired on the show. We learned about active consumers and the power of collective intelligence through an analysis of the Survivor spoiler community. This case study showed how active consumers can become a powerful force that can change the way producers act and react to their messages.

Chapter two was a discussion about the American Idol TV show. This study was told more from the perspective of the media industry. We learned about how reality is being shaped by “affective economics.” In its most basic terms, because of the decline of the value of the 30 second commercial, advertisers are now interfacing with consumers in ways that blur the line between content and brand messages. For example, the Coca-Cola brand’s infiltration into  American Idol from everything to the Coke glasses in the judges hands, to the “red room” on set to the soft drink promotions reward tickets to the show’s finale. Jenkins talked about the ways companies are trying to get the audience “inside” the brand. The American Idol story was in contrast to the Survivor story in that the spoilers had the power to affect the producers, but the American Idol fans felt that even though they were supposed to be the ones voting and deciding the outcome of the show (after all, they were promised: America gets to decide upon the next Idol!), that the producers were actually the ones manipulating the outcomes. The fans were starting to speak out, expressing their outrage over what they perceived as fraud in voting methods and counts.

Chapter three, The Matrix, an example of transmedia storytelling. Here we learned about world-making and the role of active participation and knowledge communities which are needed in order to fully comprehend and even enjoy what you are watching. To fully understand The Matrix, and its sequels, the consumer must participate by researching and finding out information about the story, and spend time comparing notes with others in online groups, playing games, watching shorts, etc. This type of transmedia storytelling can be construed as quite demanding on the consumer, as they don’t get the full experience by simply watching the movie (and indeed won’t really understand what is going on in the movie – reading this chapter helped explain why I was scratching my head and saying “huh?” a lot when I watched the first two movies!).

Thomas Ruggiero’s Uses and Gratifications Theory explored the history of communications research surrounding U&G studies. He said that while many scholars think that U&G is not a  rigorous social science theory, he believes that any attempt to speculate on the future direction of mass communication theory must include the U&G approach, especially in light of the emergence of computer-mediated communications, which has heightened the significance of the meaning of uses and gratifications. He starts with a decade by decade history of the communication research methods that have been used, as people have switched media behaviors, from radio to newspapers to TV to computers. He stresses that in order to answer the question of why do people become involved in one particular type of mediated communication over another, that it must be known what gratifications they receive. In Sunday’s Columbian business section there was an article about how on-demand viewing is on the rise in households, and how you can find every member of a household involved in using a different form of media, even while they are all in the same room– different gratification levels). It was startling and a bit humbling to read the predictions of media use in article and think about how far we have come in only a decade since this article was written (“…the Internet is a technology that many predict will be genuinely transformative, it will lead to profound changes in media users’ personal and social habits and roles.”)

***

1.  Are you willing to be an active participant in the TV shows or movies that you watch? Are you willing to expend the time and energy to do research, participate in on-line message boards and/or do other research in order to fully enjoy a show or movie? Do you think it depends on your age? Is this type of active participation solely for the “younger” generation? If so, what will happen to the “older” generation? Are people age 40 and over irrelevant to popular culture media producers?

Posted by: bburatti | October 1, 2011

Consuming media on all platforms

Thomas E. Ruggiero’s work on uses and gratifications theory pointed out that the very method of researching how people use media had to evolve.  Early methods of self-reporting gave way to more data-driven methods. Whether people are interviewed in a focus group or their habits measured by an A.C. Nielsen box on their set, we want to know what drives people to consume media.

New media provides additional ways to gratify people who then develop an attachment to the medium itself. Some are gratified by seeking information, others entertainment. The vast range of online communities provides a path to make connections, to converse, to feel a sense of belonging. In the quest for a sense of belonging, people hunt for information with which they already agree. We still “talk” at the water cooler. We’re just doing it with strangers who are all like us.

Online communities offer more than a social gathering place. Pierre Levy wrote that the knowledge culture “serves as an intangible engine for the circulation and exchange of commodities.” It’s a gold mine of consumers. Now marketers use data drawn from online behaviors and preferences to pitch their products to targeted consumers.

The desire for a friendly advertiser environment found its way into reality show program content. Survivor and VISA, American Idol and Coke, Apprentice and Crest—all formed partnerships for in-show product placement. Product placement was prevalent in the early years of television but frowned upon for several decades. The DVR prompted advertisers to demand a solution that forced viewers to notice their products. Clever product integration achieved that goal. It encouraged an emotional connection between product and consumer.

If product placement for the sponsor was the solution for expanding product sales, “transmedia storytelling” became the answer for producers to expand their brands. The movies, “The Matrix,” “Lord of the Rings,” and “Harry Potter,” showed how to transform a story into an entire world. No longer is it enough to create a TV show or film as a standalone product. Now the brand must be developed over multiple platforms with content created specifically for those platforms. Engage the consumer on every level. Entice them into a deeper world of belonging and connection.

In the discussion about Survivor and the development of spoiling, I was struck by how spoiling has developed its own narrative form with its own conventions and expectations. Mark Burnett, who resisted the spoiling community at first, finally came to embrace it as a promotional asset. Producers now realize all the online chatter is free publicity for their shows. That led to the active develop of content for aligned platforms.

The full circle of this can be seen with Burnett himself. Just today, Burnett announced the launch of his own cable TV channel, “YouToo TV.”  The channel is all user-generated content.  Instead of posting to YouTube, users are invited to post their short video on a national cable channel.

Questions for discussion:
1. What specific examples are there in contemporary advertising that demonstrate the sponsor’s goal to form an emotional connection with the consumer?
2. Does the ownership of media outlets effect the content on those platforms? If so how?
3. In what way could media ownership  impact content if the content is user-generated?
4. What new social media strategies might be implemented in the 2012 election that we didn’t see four years ago? What’s possible now that wasn’t then?

Posted by: Donna Z. Davis, Ph.D. | September 30, 2011

Welcome to our new contributors

After a quiet summer, I look forward to a stimulating and inspiring fall with the graduate students taking Mass Communication & Society at the University of Oregon’s strategic communication graduate program in Portland.  We’ll be covering some fascinating topics and I know these great minds will bring thought-provoking insights to the blog!  I feel so fortunate to teach this class as I believe that there may be nothing more influential in our society today than the way media is changing the way we learn, find information, engage in our world and connect with each other.

Let the journey continue…

I have spent the last month in Oslo, Norway. I have seen Oslo on many different levels, learning, exploring, and un-expectantly being apart of a Norwegian tragedy. Friday, July 22nd, as I exited the subway I felt and heard something I had never before. After an hour of chaos and confusion I found myself in a situation I could have never predicted when I decided to study abroad in Norway this summer.

After this horrific event, it was not the government, but the people that put together an event to commemorate the victims of this tragedy. The people took the initiative to put together a grassroots campaign via Facebook to get the people together to acknowledge those that lost their lives in the Oslo bombing and the Utoya youth camp shooting. This is an amazing representation of strategically communicating. The event was going to include a procession starting at the City Hall, however there was a bigger turn out than estimated, so the event turned into a gathering to show respect and a chance to come together. I was lucky enough to be apart of the estimated 150,000 people in attendance yesterday evening, and witness this nation coming together to show strength and unity to the world.

It is amazing how social media can play such a huge role informing and bringing people together in a time of sorrow. As Crown Prince Haakon said last night, “The streets are filled with love.” The Rose Parade could not be a better representation of this statement.

Aside from Facebook bringing the Norwegian people together, social media played a huge role in the communication between my peers and myself. After Friday’s events I wrote a blog post about my personal experience on Friday, and posted a link to the post on my Facebook page. The response I received was not what I expected at all. My Facebook wall and inbox was flooded with concern and positive thoughts from those who had heard about the attacks. Along, with Facebook, I received numerous Tweets making sure I was safe.

Social media plays a role in my daily life, but never like this. These events really emphasized how amazing, and important social media really is in our world today.

Posted by: hannakd | June 15, 2011

Facebook: Strategically Communicating?

I came across this blog post on Thought Catalog while skimming my Twitter news feed and thought, no pun intended, that it really captured the essence that IS Facebook. It’s crazy to think how little privacy you have as a social media user even if you have privacy settings. How many people are truly good friends with all of their Facebook friends? That being noted, how many of your “friends” do you really want looking into your life, and why? There are few users that delete friends as the fade out of their lives. Although you may not be directly communicating with them and letting them into your life, you provide them with photos, status updates, relationship updates, etc., to be able to read into what is happening in your current life. Do we do this for nostalgic purposes? Or are we doing this so we can creep on those friends, boyfriends, girlfriends, hookups, that have a different lifestyle than you do? It kind of reminds me of reality TV, we watch it so we can live vicariously through the life that TV provides, but in the case of Facebook, it’s that much more real because you actually know these people. As Chuck Palahniuk wrote, “”The only reason why we ask other people how their weekend was is so we can tell them about our own weekend.” I think this quote parallels with the function of Facebook. I feel like a main reason why we upload information to Facebook is so other people can look into our own lives. So is FB a form of strategic communication or just really creepy?

Posted by: Jen J. Ashley | June 7, 2011

Social Media “Friends” – Allow of Deny?

It is important to be careful who your friends, connections, and followers are on social media. This is for multiple reasons. One being how a wrong perceived contact can look towards a future employer. Another being how helpful a good “friend” can be.

Future employers, dates, and loved ones do not just look at your tweets or wall posts. Your “friends” are looked at too. If all of your followers are sorority sisters who tweet about going out and getting wasted every night with constant misspellings, how do you think that makes you look? Just like them. Be weary of who you allow to be your social media “friend”. You may care greatly about your online presence, edit every tweet, re-tweet carefully, and have professional photos of yourself, but unfortunately, not everyone does. I personally have had to “un-friend” on Facebook some of my good in my life friends because I disapprove of how they chose to use social media as a weekend evidence site. This does not mean I dislike them or even look down on their lifestyle. However, when branding one’s self it does not just matter how we act, but who we surround ourselves with.

To the contrary, having helpful, social media savvy “friends” can prove to be beneficial. I recently received the honor of interning with a corporate office this summer. I became excited immediately. My glee started fleeing as  I read how formal the attire was for the work place. I though “how can I afford to get a whole new wardrobe before I get a paycheck?” After a few tweets, direct messages, and a status update I quickly received multiple solutions from my social media “friends” on what styles are in, where to get them, and helpful hints on how to look professional quickly. I estimated it out that my social media “friends” saved me over $300 on what I expected I needed to spend.

Real life and social media life are not drastically different. We are judged by the company we keep. Surround yourself with others you respect, admire, and would like to imitate in one way or another.

Posted by: sarahbrown90 | June 6, 2011

Skittles Does It Right

Since advertising is one of my focuses, I always appreciate it when a company makes great campaigns. My favorites are always the funny ones because they can make me laugh and they are memorable. Skittles does this for me time after time and because of this it have easily become one of my favorite brands. Most recently Skittles did a Youtube campaign called  “Touch the rainbow.” It involved Youtube videos that asked the viewer to place their finger on the Skittle located on the screen. In each commercial something different would happen. I absolutely love this campaign. It works because it’s interactive, funny, and it’s never been done before. All these things make this campaign sticky, which leaves Skittles in the minds of the consumers. When it comes to advertising and public relations you have to be sticky in order to stand out among the hundreds of other products and companies. It is always helpful to look at what other sticky companies are doing to get inspiration.

 

Below is one of my favorites from the campaign. If you haven’t seen it yet you need to! Check them all out and tell me which your favorite is.

 

Posted by: deniseschenasi | June 6, 2011

Five Minutes Without My iPhone

The other day, I was sitting in lecture and like many other students, I was on my cell phone. All of the sudden, mid text message – my iPhone shut off. I frantically began pushing the home button and holding down the power off button, but nothing was working. After five anxious and stressful minutes, my phone finally turned back on. Now as I look back on those five minutes, an interesting and somewhat alarming realization dawns on me. First, let me get this straight – I was literally in a panic for those short five minutes (although at the time, it seemed like an eternity); in fact, I was in such a panic that I actually considered leaving my last lecture of the term the week before finals to figure out why my phone would not turn on. I was ready to drop everything I had planned for the day and run to the apple store. It was in those five minutes that I realized how truly attached I am to my electronics. Not only was I worried about being unable to communicate with my friends, I was waiting for an important email from a potential employer, and with my phone shut off and my laptop at home, I had no way to receive the message. It truly amazes me that one electronic gives us access to all forms of communication, and without it working properly it feels as if we are cut off from all forms of communication.

So, now that my iPhone is safely working, I can look back at this experience and laugh at how ridiculous I acted in the situation. But I can quite honestly (and somewhat embarrassingly) admit that if it were to happen again, I would probably react in the same way. With this story aside, good luck to everyone during finals week and I hope we all keep strategically communicating – with the trusty use of our working cell phones, laptops, and other electronic devices.

Posted by: Emilie Hartvig | June 6, 2011

What if the Internet stopped working?

Is that like asking what if the world stopped turning? Too dramatic?

Today I went to the library to get some work done for finals week. After searching for a table for who knows how long and getting myself situated, I had an issue. The university Internet was not working. I did everything I could to make it work. I restarted my computer, tried to move, turned of my AirPort, etc. So I sat the library so frustrated because I needed the web to complete my assignments.

That’s when I had a thought about school and the web. In school, we are starting to depend a lot more on the Internet and a lot less on paper. Sure the Internet makes the world a greener place and it makes life go much faster but what if the Internet was shut down? What if everything you depended on in school was unreachable because it was only on the web?

For me, all of my classes depend on the Internet. I take quizzes on the web, blog, research, and more. I know this is a what-if scenario but it is definitely something to think about.

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